Sample donation request letter for nonprofit. Donation Request Letter Template .
Sample donation request letter for nonprofit One way to do this is to create a Donation Request Letter and send it to local businesses, organizations, and individuals. Jul 18, 2023 · An in-kind donation request letter is one that asks for tangible support — goods, services, or expertise — rather than money. This article provides 23 sample letters designed to cover various scenarios and target different audiences, offering you a Free sample donation request letter and templates that you can customize and create your letter immediately, simply in 3 steps. Jan 31, 2024 · Learn how to craft a compelling donation request letter with tips and templates to maximize your fundraising efforts. Use our AI Editor Tool to personalize the content, emphasizing the department’s needs and the importance of community contributions. Get Free Templates! Mar 1, 2024 · Learn how to write the best donation request letters to secure support for your nonprofit, including six templates to get started. Whether you’re a nonprofit, school, or community group, understanding how to communicate your needs clearly can significantly impact your fundraising efforts. This article provides five templates for persuasive fundraising letters tailored for Donation request letters and forms help organizations solicit support, highlighting needs, impact, and donor alignment to secure funds effectively. What is a silent auction donation request letter? A silent auction donation request letter is a formal, personalized letter or email that organizations send to businesses, vendors, community members, or other potential donors to request items or experiences to auction off at a silent auction fundraising event. Below you’ll find 17 copy-ready templates (with examples and tips) you can tailor to your cause to increase response rates and average gifts. Aug 5, 2024 · Download this free sample donation request letter for nonprofit organizations by signing up for a free Case Management Hub account below. It acts as a request or appeal to request money to fund the operations and services of a charity. It examines various sample letter formats, highlighting key elements crucial for successful fundraising. It provides a structured format to present the purpose and impact of the fundraising campaign, making it easier for donors to understand the cause and decide whether to contribute. [Your Nonprofit's Letterhead] [Date] [Donor's Name] [Donor's Address] [City, State, ZIP Code] Dear [Donor's Name], Subject: Empowering Positive Change through Your Generosity I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. Get actionable tips in this guide! Mar 21, 2025 · How do I use a nonprofit request for a donation letter sample? Customize your request letter template with information specific to your nonprofit, including the name of your organization, your mission, fundraising goals, and the specific request you’re making. A donation request letter just as the name suggests, is a formal or semi-formal appeal that is sent to organizations or individuals asking for financial and/or in-kind contributions to support a campaign, cause or project. Whether your goal is to fundraise for a research project, establish a scholarship program, or provide disaster relief, a well-written letter can significantly increase your chances of success. This article provides several request for donation letter examples to help you through the letter writing process and to identify templates which appeal to your donors. The letter should be heartfelt, clear, and concise, encouraging generosity while providing all necessary details for donors to contribute effectively. By understanding the key components, employing effective writing techniques, and diligently tracking results, organizations can significantly enhance their fundraising efforts and secure much-needed resources to advance their missions. Oct 30, 2024 · A non-profit donation letter sample provides a template or framework for individuals or organizations to request donations from potential donors. In this article, we'll walk you through the essential elements of a successful letter, ensuring your message resonates and inspires action. A Donation Request Letter is a formal appeal to potential donors to support a cause, event, or organization. Apr 27, 2025 · Discover sample letters asking for donations, actionable tips, and proven templates to boost your fundraising results. Donation request letters can help you raise money for your organization, be it a for-profit one, or a nonprofit charity institution. Nov 4, 2025 · 17 proven fundraising letter samples + templates, subject lines, and pro tips to boost donations, matches, and monthly giving. Persuasive fundraising letters are a key tool in this process, helping to convey the mission and needs of the organization while compelling readers to contribute. Visit us to start now. Our mission is [briefly state mission]. In order to understand how to write the perfect fundraising letter, let’s look at this sample fundraising letter from the Sunny Days Community Centre, which is looking to raise money for their breakfast club program. Donation request letters are an important part of any charity seeking funding for a certain cause or fundraising for charitable events. Donation Letter: How to Write (with Samples) If you work in a charity or any other non-profit organization, chances are that you will need some fundraising in order to reach your vision and missions. What is a donation request letter? Donation request letters, also known as fundraising letters, ask for financial contributions from individual donors, corporate sponsors, and other supporters. Donation request letters are formal invitations sent to potential donors to ask for donations to a certain charity, institution, or nonprofit organization. Looking for a donation letter template? Choose from a selection of professionally designed templates including church donation letters and solicitation letters. Boost your nonprofit fundraising efforts. Mar 18, 2023 · For organizations and/or institutions that wish to request for solicitations to help them raise the necessary resources to help those in need, most especially the less fortunate ones, we have sought all over the internet to provide you with these sample Letter Templates that are all about asking for donations. Explore 18+ examples, templates, and tips for successful fundraising. It typically includes information about the organization’s mission, the purpose of the donation, and how the donation will be used. In the nonprofit world, securing donations is vital to sustaining operations and fulfilling your organization’s mission. Jun 27, 2024 · Learn how to write effective donation request letters for non-profits. While you may send a general sponsorship ask, many nonprofits seek sponsorship for specific events, programs, or initiatives. Explore professionally designed donation letter templates that are free, customizable, and printable. Remember, every donation counts and helps further your mission. They can be sent to family members and friends, members of the community, and even corporations and businesses. Benefits of May 5, 2025 · Final Thoughts Crafting a compelling donation request letter is both an art and a science. What is a Donation Letter? A Donation Letter is a written appeal for financial support, contributions, or resources from individuals, businesses, or organizations. May 5, 2025 · Whether you’re raising money for a local food bank, a community project, or a broader cause, crafting the perfect donation request letter is key. General Rules to Live By There are a few guidelines to consider regardless of the type of donation letter you are drafting. There are more templates below). It serves multiple purposes: to inform potential donors about a specific cause or project, request donations, and express gratitude. It serves as a bridge between the requester and potential donors, clearly articulating the purpose of the request, the impact of the Jan 12, 2021 · Donation request letters and templates are a very effective way to raise money for your nonprofit. Your complete guide on how to ask for donations on text, email, and facebook, including donation message examples, wording to use, and more! Generally, donation request letters are targeted towards companies and local businesses, but nonprofits can use them to ask for in-kind donations from individual supporters as well. May 13, 2025 · Learn how to write a powerful donation request letter that inspires giving. Jul 1, 2024 · Craft compelling donation request letters with our 22 samples. Elevate your cause with quality designs. This guide will provide you with sample letters and tips on how to effectively request donations for your nonprofit organization. Nov 12, 2024 · Crafting a compelling in-kind donation request letter is key to engaging potential donors and gaining their support. Start now! A donation request letter template is a reusable form that can be used by charities and non-profit organizations. This template ensures a professional, clear structure, simplifying the process of requesting donations and building Feb 20, 2024 · In particular, annual fundraising events, like charity tournaments or benefit dinners, help raise awareness and attract potential sponsors, ensuring teams thrive and succeed throughout the season. We are reaching out to you as a valued supporter of [Your Nonprofit's Name] to humbly request your continued partnership in our mission to make a lasting impact on the lives of those we serve. Find out what to include, how to format, and how to design your letter to maximize your fundraising success. A Sample Donation Request Letter is a pre-written template used to request financial support for a cause, project, or organization. Feb 4, 2025 · I. Jan 11, 2025 · Securing funding for your non-profit, charity, or cause often hinges on the effectiveness of your donation request letters. Click on the image to download the fundraising letter template in word format (P. Nov 29, 2024 · Fundraising is a vital aspect of nonprofit operations, and the success of these efforts often hinges on the effectiveness of their communication. , as long as they are informed on time and convinced appropriately. RequestLetters. Jul 22, 2024 · This guide provides an in-depth exploration of various request for donation letter samples, analyzing their structure, content, and effectiveness. Download now! Jun 27, 2024 · Learn how to write effective donation request letters for non-profits. Boost your fundraising success with SignUpGenius tools. What Are Sponsorship Letters? Sponsorship letters are letters nonprofits send to people or companies to request their sponsorship. Sample Donation Letter Templates Donation request letters can increase response rates and help you achieve your fundraising goals – when you use them correctly. We’ve put together a complete guide on which fundraising letters you need for every occasion. Aug 23, 2024 · This blog is your ultimate guide to donation request letters - the 8 types of request letters, how to write one, examples, and more! Donation Request Letter for Non-Profit – Sample Letters As a member trying to help with your organization’s fundraising efforts, donation request letters play an important part in this process. Easily Editable & Printable. Instantly Download Sample Donation Request Letter for Non-Profit, Sample & Example in Microsoft Word (DOC), Google Docs, Apple Pages Format. Sep 11, 2024 · Writing a letter for a charity donation request can open the door to support for a cause that matters to you. Crafting an effective donation request letter can significantly impact your ability to secure funds. It examines the crucial components of effective fundraising communications, offering insights into crafting persuasive narratives, highlighting impact, and building genuine connections with potential donors. At [Your Nonprofit's Name], we have been dedicated to [Briefly describe your nonprofit's mission and activities]. Customize and download for free at Templateroller. A gift of any amount will make a difference. It serves as a guide to effectively communicate the mission, goals, and impact of a non-profit organization while persuading the reader to contribute financially. Aug 11, 2025 · How to Write a Powerful Year-End Giving Letter (with Samples) Nonprofit professionals know year-end giving cannot be ignored. The What is a Donation Letter? A Donation Letter is a written appeal for financial support, contributions, or resources from individuals, businesses, or organizations. Donation request letters usually accompany another type of fundraising method, such as a crowdfunding campaign or a Oct 10, 2025 · With the Donation Box feature in Jotform Apps, you can collect donations through over 30 payment gateway integrations, display a fundraising goal progress bar, and customize donation amounts. Jan 18, 2025 · Donation request letters serve as crucial tools for non-profit organizations and charitable causes, effectively communicating their mission, impact, and the urgent need for financial support. Elevate your appeal with stunning, professional quality. It’s a heartfelt way to connect with potential donors and share the impact their generosity can have. S. Easily fill it online and save as a ready-to-print PDF. One way of meeting your financial demands as an organization is by writing a donation request letter, also known as a fundraising letter. This comprehensive guide explores the nuances of crafting effective donation request letters, encompassing various styles, strategies, and best practices. Craft compelling donation requests with these 11 sample letters. Jun 4, 2025 · Want to write a persuasive fundraising letter that gets results? Check out these great templates. Oct 22, 2024 · This comprehensive guide delves into the intricacies of crafting effective donation request letters for nonprofit organizations. You’ll also have access to several other free non-profit templates! Crafting an effective donation request letter is crucial for nonprofit organizations, charities, and individuals seeking financial support for their causes. Read on to discover essential tips and a sample template that can help you craft the perfect request! Craft impactful donation request letters! Explore strategies and 7 sample letters to boost your nonprofit's fundraising efforts. We are reaching out to you as a valued supporter of [Your Nonprofit's Name] to humbly request your continued partnership in our mission to make a lasting Jan 5, 2022 · Reaching out to companies for food and raffle item donations? Use these donation request letter templates and donation request forms. While many nonprofits first consider email and other online channels, direct mail continues to be the true workhorse of fundraising. Please visit [website] to donate today. DOC. Getting ready to send out fundraising letters to your community? Check out our entire collection fundraising letter templates for inspiration. 17 Effective Donation Request Letter Samples Professional templates to inspire generosity for every cause www. Donation Request Letter Template Oct 10, 2025 · With the Donation Box feature in Jotform Apps, you can collect donations through over 30 payment gateway integrations, display a fundraising goal progress bar, and customize donation amounts. Download the blank version in Word or PDF formats for free. This letter is an opportunity to convince the donor to contribute for the relevant cause, so make Apr 14, 2024 · 15 Nonprofit Donation Letter Samples: Sample Letter 1: General Donation Request Dear [Donor Name], We are writing to you today to ask for your support of [Organization Name]. May 15, 2019 · A request letter for donation is an indispensable method when one thinks about raising a fund. Modifying a sample donation request letter for nonprofit organizations is a great way to start. Aug 31, 2025 · A sample donation request letter is a template or example of a letter that a nonprofit organization can use to request donations from potential donors. The choice is yours! Need fundraising ideas? Discover worthwhile fundraising initiative ideas on our blog. This guide will walk you through the elements of a successful donation request letter and provide examples to Jul 1, 2024 · This article provides a comprehensive guide to creating effective donation request letters, offering 19 sample letters tailored to various circumstances. Create an impactful donation request letter with our free template. This comprehensive guide will provide you with practical examples and tips on crafting persuasive Donation Request Letter and Sample Letter. Download now! We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. They are also used for solicitation and fundraising activities. It can be customized for various purposes, such as non-profit fundraising, school events, medical emergencies, or disaster relief. It examines different approaches to crafting compelling appeals, addressing diverse audiences and purposes, and offers practical advice on maximizing the impact of these crucial fundraising tools. A well-crafted letter can resonate with potential donors, highlighting the impact of their contribution and inspiring them to give generously. By tailoring your letter to each potential donor, you can appeal for their support in a way that resonates with them. And if you’re looking to hire expert fundraising letter writers for your next campaign, Frontier nonprofit marketing agency has helped nonprofits raise tens of millions If you've been feeling stuck, this Donation Request Letter For Non Profit template can help you find inspiration and motivation. While this may seem overwhelming, there are several tips and strategies to streamline the process Template. These letters can vary in form, including fundraising requests, Thank You Letters for Donations Jul 13, 2023 · Explore the significance of a donation request letter and learn how to craft letters of your own that will resonate with potential donors. The analysis includes examples, best practices, and Dec 12, 2024 · Samples and Examples of In-Kind Gifts, from Donor to Nonprofit Letters General In-Kind Donation Letter Sample of a contribution/donation letter Hands of Hope Foundation, In-Kind Donation Form Example of an In-Kind Donation Form from Hands of Hope Foundation National Endowment for the Arts Contribution Letter Remember, a holiday donation request letter is usually only a part of your larger end-of-year fundraising campaign. Nov 14, 2024 · What is a Donation Request Letter Sample For Nonprofits? A donation request letter sample for nonprofits is a pre-written template that provides a framework for nonprofit organizations to create effective fundraising letters. Mar 10, 2025 · Donation Request Letters Donation request letters are written by non-profit organziation, charities, and businesses who require funding. com. Apr 28, 2025 · 13 sample donation request letters you can customize The key to writing a successful donation request is personalization. Get expert tips, best practices, and a free template to help your nonprofit raise more today. Donation request letters are typed or handwritten correspondences used by individuals who are looking to raise money for a project, event, expense, or other cause. Includes step by step instructions on how to write, tips, and sample letter. Includes free customizable templates for direct mail and email appeals. Explore best practices and templates in this comprehensive guide. As such, many people are usually ready and willing to donate towards a proper course like sponsorships, churches, schools, charity, etc. With your help, we can continue to [list accomplishments/goals]. Quickly Customize. Oct 15, 2024 · A sample donation letter serves as a template or guide for individuals or organizations seeking to request monetary or in-kind donations from potential donors. Mar 12, 2025 · This guide offers an in-depth exploration of effective donation request letter samples, examining their structure, key components, and best practices for maximizing their impact. The discussion covers strategic approaches to writing compelling narratives, identifying target audiences, and employing persuasive language to maximize donation Dec 5, 2024 · Boost your nonprofit's year-end fundraising with our 7 expert tips for crafting compelling appeal letters. Donation letters are documents that are created asking for donations towards a cause. Approximately 30% of all annual giving happens in December and 10% occurs in the last three days of the year! We’ve outlined the basic guidelines to follow when writing a year-end giving letter and provided samples to help you get started. com [Your Name] [Your Title] [Organization] [Street Address] [City, State ZIP] [Date] Feb 12, 2024 · Securing financial support is crucial for the success of any nonprofit organization. Feb 24, 2025 · 5 Types of Nonprofit Sponsorship Letters [Free Samples + Tips] Nonprofits send sponsorship letters to gain support from local businesses and corporations. Donors and sponsors are interested to know how their contributions can impact a project, event, or cause. Oct 24, 2024 · Writing a compelling donation request letter to businesses can help secure support for your cause, whether it’s a charity event, a local initiative, or an important project. By following these guidelines and using the sample letters provided, you can increase your chances of receiving the support your nonprofit needs. It outlines the purpose of the donation, how it will be used, and the impact it can have. They allow you to outline the needs of your cause and explain what the donations When you run a charity or organization based on a cause, you rely on donations to help keep things going. Mar 21, 2025 · Then, you can customize and personalize your letter to really catch your donors’ attention. Letter Template For Donation Request To Sports Teams Samples Letter template of donation request for youth sports teams Download file: . A well-crafted letter can inspire generosity and secure vital funding, ensuring the continuation of essential programs and services. Customize these templates to fit your needs and achieve fundraising success. These examples demonstrate different approaches to storytelling, emphasizing different aspects of the nonprofit’s work, and catering to different donor demographics. May 4, 2024 · Writing a compelling donation request letter can be a powerful way to engage foundations and inspire them to support your cause. Jun 28, 2024 · Craft compelling donation request letters. You can also use our customizable donation request letter template to make donor requests. When reaching out to A donation request letter is an official document written by a representative, such as a director, fundraising manager, or volunteer, of a non-profit organization or charity. They allow you to outline the needs of your cause and explain what the donations Dec 13, 2023 · Learn how to write a donation letter that encourages donors to give. Explore our fundraising letter examples, templates, and donation forms below. Jun 27, 2024 · Explore 18 impactful nonprofit donation letter samples. In this article, we'll explore effective strategies for crafting a heartfelt letter that captures attention and encourages generosity. Writing a sponsorship letter gives businesses an idea of what your nonprofit provides to the community, why you need sponsorship, and how they can benefit. These letters can vary in form, including fundraising requests, Thank You Letters for Donations Donation Request Letter Template Edit this template Edit this template The Benefits of Using a Donation Request Letter Template for Your Fundraising Campaign Asking for donations is a critical part of fundraising for non-profit organizations, charities, and other community groups. Jan 3, 2025 · If sense of appeal is genuine then donations also pour-in easily. A poorly written letter can easily deter potential donors, leading to missed opportunities for vital funding. This post includes sample donation request letters and a template. To delight donors, their attention needs to be caught and held with a catchy and authentic letter that clearly advises the needs of the non-profit organization or charity, and how donations can help. This Sample Donation Request Letter For Non Profit covers the most important topics that you are looking for and will help you to structure and communicate in a professional manner with those involved. PDF A donation letter is a written communication typically used by non-profit organizations, charities, schools, and other groups to request financial or in-kind support from individuals, businesses, or other organizations. Jun 6, 2024 · Writing an effective nonprofit donation request letter can maximize your contributions and support your mission. Essential for outreach and engagement. Apr 1, 2025 · This guide provides a detailed exploration of sample letters requesting donations for non-profit organizations. Whether you're a nonprofit, or just on the fundraising team for your organization, sending out fundraising letters can be a surefire way to raise donations. Sep 22, 2025 · Learn how to write donation request letters with proven tips, examples, and templates. A Donation Letter is a powerful tool for fundraising, allowing you to communicate your cause and request support effectively. Dec 5, 2024 · Boost your nonprofit's year-end fundraising with our 7 expert tips for crafting compelling appeal letters. However, mastering the art of solicitation can seem daunting. It is important to write a well structured donation letter in order to explain a cause to the donor and to build a good relationship and rapport with donors. net’s Volunteer Fire Department Donation Letter Template offers a fully customizable and editable format for soliciting support. In this article, we’ll explore different types of donation request letters, share tips for writing compelling messages, and provide sample templates to help guide you. Start by grabbing the reader’s attention, but keep the tone personal and Writing impactful fundraising letters can be hard, so we curated this collection of fundraising letter examples from every sector to inspire you. Learn how to write a donation request letter for your nonprofit organization with 16 free templates and examples. It serves as a broad appeal for support, applicable to various fundraising initiatives. That said, starting a month or two in advance will give you enough time to plan, design and post your holiday appeals. They are typically sent to individuals or businesses to familiarize them with your mission, explain your needs, and explain how a donation may be helpful. Learn how to write impactful appeals and maximize your fundraising success. This is usually achieved by dispatching donation request letters, which essentially Fundraising letters are typed (or handwritten!) correspondences that are used to ask for standard donations, in-kind contributions, volunteer time, sponsorships, auction items, and more. Thank you for your generosity In today’s world, crafting an effective donation request letter is an essential skill for any organization seeking support. May 5, 2025 · The general donation request letter is a versatile tool for any nonprofit. Let’s walk through common examples of donation letters, starting with a template of the basic format to follow: The basic donation letter format Donation request letters Letters for fundraising events Letters for online fundraising Letters for pledge Sep 25, 2025 · A donation request letter is a written solicitation by a non-profit for money or in-kind contributions to potential donors. These letters are particularly impactful during nonprofit giving days like GivingTuesday and targeted fundraising campaigns, providing a personal touch that can resonate with recipients. If someone is running a charitable organization it is very important to convey the requirements to people for a donation. Nov 13, 2025 · Writing a donation request letter shouldn’t feel daunting, use these proven samples to ask with clarity, confidence, and heart. Dec 3, 2024 · A sample donation request letter for a nonprofit is a pre-written template that can be used by organizations to solicit donations from potential donors. It serves as an important fundraising tool designed to allow organizations to express their mission, further explain the purpose of the donation, and inspire generosity. Use one of our six sample donation request letter templates to get started. Mar 18, 2025 · A donation request letter is a formal letter with which nonprofit organizations, charities, schools and individual persons make appeals for money or in-kind contributions from prospective donors. Explore professionally designed donation letter templates in Word that are free and customizable. When you run a charity or organization based on a cause, you rely on donations to help keep things going. You’ll also find templates, sample fundraising letters, and pro tips on how to write each letter to drive campaign success and maximize funds for your charity or nonprofit. You need to know who to ask, when to approach them, and how to make the ask effectively to secure donations. Donations constitute everyday life aspects, more so in the field of non-profit/charitable organizations. Includes examples and best practices for fundraising. This guide offers a detailed exploration of crafting effective donation A great sample of a donation request letter. Jan 24, 2025 · Conclusion A meticulously crafted donation letter is a cornerstone of successful non-profit fundraising. Aug 2, 2023 · Learn how to write effective fundraising letters that inspire more support from donors. Understanding the Importance of a Well-Crafted Donation Request Letter Donation request letters serve as the primary communication tool for non-profit organizations and charitable causes seeking financial support. May 14, 2025 · Understanding the Basics of a Donation Request Letter What Is a Donation Request Letter? A donation request letter is a formal or semi-formal written appeal designed to solicit financial or in-kind support for a cause, organization, or individual in need. These letters are designed to solicit donations from individuals, businesses, and other organizations. Donation request letters are often used by nonprofits, schools, and community initiatives. Jul 5, 2022 · In this article, we’ll cover how to write a donation letter. Aug 4, 2014 · In this article, we’ll offer tips for writing effective financial and technology donation requests and provide sample letters for each. Learn how to craft compelling requests that resonate with donors and drive fundraising success. To help you out, we are presenting below the 5+ Nonprofit Donation Letter Examples & Templates so that your work becomes easy. A well-crafted donation request letter serves as a powerful tool, capable of inspiring generosity and fostering lasting partnerships with donors. Aug 29, 2023 · How you reach out to your donors for donations is one of the most important exercises a nonprofit will go through to raise funds for their causes. Curious to learn more about how to effectively ask for donations? Keep reading! Aug 1, 2024 · To make procurement easier for your next fundraiser, this is a done for you: auction item donation request letter template and tips. Mar 18, 2025 · Here are previews and download links for these free Sample Donation Request Letters in MS Word format, There is no single format for a donation request letter, the purpose, the audience, the type of donation being sought dictate the form of the request. Feb 4, 2025 · Donation letters are those that nonprofit organizations, individuals, and charity groups request for donations or sponsorship. A perfect year-end donation letter can boost your fundraising campaign. Asking for donations is a fundamental aspect of nonprofit fundraising and is crucial for supporting your nonprofit’s mission. While this may seem overwhelming, there are several tips and strategies to streamline the process . Oct 24, 2024 · Discover 20 free fundraising letter templates that help nonprofits effectively communicate their needs and inspire potential donors to say 'yes' to donations! Get proven donation request letter templates—plus tips to make them personal, persuasive, and effective for your nonprofit’s fundraising success. Find examples for inspiration and learn how to execute them effectively. Feb 10, 2025 · Discover eight sample fundraising letters to help craft persuasive nonprofit donation requests. Craft impactful donation request letters! Explore strategies and 7 sample letters to boost your nonprofit's fundraising efforts. Learn proven strategies and techniques to inspire donors and raise more funds. Learn what works and get inspired. This type of letter typically includes information about the organization's mission, goals, and the impact of donations on the community. erlel rohsjzy mzfomxz wzlus jdbpheu eenr gwohe kqca oamwufv zjbdsis nzejqf mipz tmtxy wpiwmjdp rqvvh